Art of manipulating strands or yarns



Jan. 4 1927.

R. w. BARKER ART OF MANIPULATING STRANDS 0R YARNS Filed July 5. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 19

27 R. w. BARKER ART OF MANIPULATING STRANDS 0R YARNS 5 Sheets-Sh est 2 mi 3 fr m w i Filed July 5. 1922 Jan. '4, 1927.

R. w. BARKER ART OF MANIPULATING STRANDS OR YARNS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 3. 1922 Jan. 19 7.

2 R. w. BARKER ART OF MANIPULATING STRANDS 0R YARNS Filed July 5, 1922 5 Sheets- She et 4 1,612 798 Jan 1927 R. w. BARKER STRANDS OR YARNS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ART OF HANIPULAI'ING Filed July 5, 1922 Patented Jan. 4, 1927.

UNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT W. BARKER, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

ART OF MANIPULATINQ BIBANDS OR YARNS.

Original application filed August 13, 1920, Scrial No. 403,255. Divided and this application flied July 3, 1922, Serial No. 572,618, and in Canada July 25, 1921.

This invention relates to an art of manipulating filaments, yarns or threads, for instance for the purpose of tying a knot, or for forming a component loopor bightof a knot. While the invention contemplates performing the operations of which-it consists with the aid of any instrument adapted to the purpose, preferred instrumentsin a form particularly adapted for use as hand implements for spoolers and other tenders of textile machinery, and adapted in this use for the rapid joining of yarn or thread ends by knotting them to ether are herein illustrated for aid in explaining the method or art of tying a weavers knot and other forms of knots useful to workers in textiles, and according to this invention. I do not herein claim these instruments, which are the subject of my application Serial No. 403,255, filed August 13, 1920, of which this application is a division.

I am aware of ancient and numerous practices and instances of the devices used to form yarns or threads into a knot; such practices or devices have been successfully employed by net makers and weavers, in netting machines for making fish and other nets, in book-sewing machines, in harvesters and grain binders, in knitting machines, and machines for tying-in or drawing-in warps; in warping machines, and for use as hand implements for winder or spooler,-loom or spinning-machine attendants. It will therefore be understood that the art or procedure of this invention is applicable to many different specific industrial uses, for instance, to improve the knotting practices heretofore relied upon in the above-mentioned and other arts in which arrangement of strands or cordage in bights or the formation of textile cordage knots is a part of the useful or e:sential operation;

So far as I am aware, the prior art handling and manipulation of the strands or cordage [hereinafter often referred to for convenience as yarn] for the general purposes mentioned has been limited to wellknown ways of tying knots by hand, or to the function of certain instruments which may be characterized broadly as of two classes only, i. e., those comprising mutually movable grippers and tweezers and fixed or movable points by which the yarns are manipulated to form the bights of the knot formation sought to be made; and second,

those comprising rotary tying bills-and adjunctive mechanism'such as static and movable guides and movable take-up or knotsetting means, either type of device including means to sever theyarn acting coordinately with the formation of the knot or concatenation of yarns.

For lack in the prior art of appropriate ways or steps of manipulati the yarns or strands to tie them to ether, ti e practice has been to manipulate t e strands in such a way as to permit the operation to be performed by the available instruments, all of which, so far as I am aware, have serious disabilities inherent in their necessary construction. When it is attem ted to form the loops and bights of a knot y separately movable instruments or grippers imitating the action of the human hands, the mechanism required to operate the yarn-handling instruments proper is necessarily bulky and extraordinarily complex. Many arrange ments of mechanism which will form interlocking bights or loops of two or more yarns can not be made operative to tie knots usefully because it is impossible to design the mechanism in such a way as to leave any free passage for taking the formed knot ofi' of or out of the instruments which act to form it. This has been a limitation also applying to the ingenious rotary tying bill, which may be operated to form upon itself many theoretical arrangements of loops and bights corresponding to useful knots, but which in few instances is capable of being stripped of the formed knots. These instruments, however, have been employed of old and common knowledge for the formation of the seamstresses or spoolcrs knot, with respect to which the adjunctive severing means, stripping means, and take-up means, as well as the mechanism for rotating the tying bill, can be reduced to practicable compass.

A principle object of the invention is to provide a new art or method of handling yarns to create yarn-formations or. convolutions adapted to be set up into completed knots of a useful character.

This invention comprises a mode of forming knots characterized by moving an active or carried strand or strands in such a way as to convolute the carried strand about itself, or about itself and another passive strand, in a formation capable of mere rearrangement or upsetting under applied tension into that interarrangement of mutually-interlocked bights, loops and runs of the strand or strands of which a knot of the desired type consists. V

In the case of the spoolers knot, the strands. are parallel throughout the knot, and the knot may be regarded .as a single convolution of one double strand. All of the other forms of two-strand knot known to me I have found capable of being formed by the preliminary convolution of one strand only in respect to another strand held in relatively fixed relation to the locus of the preliminary convolution of the active or carried yarn, and this invention includes a mode of positioning, convoluting, manipulating and severing the strands respectively to produce useful knots by the convolution of an active about a passive strand.

One consequence of forming knots intended to unite two or more strands in this way is to enable a knot of the desired type to be tied by operations on the static or passive yarn consisting of no more than appropriate positioning, the active or carried strand only being subjected to manipulation for forming the preliminary convolution. Another consequence is capacity to perform the operations without limitation by the presence in the formed convolution of the instruments by which it is formed, the operations being capable generically of being performed by a single carrier for the end of the active or carried strand discontinuously associated with its operating means, and therefore capable of permitting the loops and bights of the preliminary formation to be withdrawn freely from the instrument by which they are formed. Other consequences are to permit any relatively complex knot, e. g., a weavers knot or a square knot, to'be formed in relation to a static or passive strand positioned on both sides of the place of the knot, and held during formation of the knot to permit severing of the waste ends close to the formed knot; to permit waste ends of both component yarns of the knot to be severed by the same instrument, if desired, in succession; and particularly, to enable the knot so formed to be tied by devices requiring for applying the yarn to them to be tied movements of the utmost simplicity, capable of execution by machine or by unskilled hands.

I shall explain the invention, with the aid of the accompanying drawing, in connection with mechanism specifically adapted to work upon two yarns to join them in the well-known Weavers knot, and adapted as a matter of design and construction of the parts to be used as a hand implement attached to the hand of the user, and capable of tying perfect weavers knots, including setting up the knot and severing the waste ends close to the knot in an improved man I Fig. 5 is a detail right side elevation of 1 parts shown in Fig. 4, parts be ng removed;

Fig. 6 is asection on the irregular plane 66 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a detail section on the plane 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a perspective stripped of adjunctive parts illustrating the yarn manipulating instrument proper and the relation to it of the yarns for producing one method of tying a weavers knot;

ig. 9 is a detail perspective illustrating the universally mova le yarn carrier;

Fig. 10 1S a vertical section showing the same part at its yarn receiving position;

Fig. 11 is a detail right side elevation of parts shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 12 is a diagram perspective of the path taken by the carrier and the carrier driver in relation to the yarns for forming a weavers knot by one series of steps;

Fig. 13 is a similar diagram illustrating the formation of a weav ers knot by motion of the carrier in another path;

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating the relation of the yarn to the path of the'carrier for the formation in one way of a spoolers knot;

Fig. 15 illustrates the relation of the yarn to the path of the carrier for the formation of a square knot;

Fig. 16 illustrates by a similar diagram still another 'position of-the yarns and path Ill for the carrier for making a weavers knot;

Figs. 17, 18 and 19 respectively illustrate the knots referred to as weavers, spoolers and square knots;

Fig. 20 is an enlarged detail cross section of the raceway for the carrier driver;

Fig. 21 is a perspective similar to Fig. 8 showing one way of using the device to tie a spoolers knot; and

Fig. 22 illustrates a later stage of the op eration'of Fig. 21.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the

working parts of the instrument may be erected on any suitable handle or frame 1, which may have eyes 2 for an attachment strap 3 adapted to pass back of the left hand. flhe handle 1 and its attachments supporting the moving parts are hereinafter referred to as the frame.

The upper part of the frame extends at may be moved through about means for a yarn carrier 4 toward the back of the hand and is there provided with an eye 2, Fig. 2, for the up er end of the strap 3. The top of the rame 1 and the part 4 may be flat at 5 to provide a seat for the attachment of certain of the workin parts. Opposite the extension 4 a'curve racket or integral lug 6 is provided at 7 with a bearing for one end of a short transverse shaft 8. The frame 1 also includes an integral or attached vertical bracket 9 having a vertical face defining a plane a, Fig. 2, and havin a tubular rearwardly extendin bearing boss 10 for the rear end of the she t 8. The bracket 9 may be cupped rearwardly toward boss 10 and cut away at 11 leaving arms 12. Concentric with shaft 8, bracket 9 and arms 12 support a raceway 15 for actuator presently mentioned. Preferably at least 180 to 270 of the raceway 15 is concentric with the shaft 8, and is provided with an annular slot 16 Figs. 5, 6 and 8, for a carrier driver 17 comprising a segment fitting in the slot 16 and fast to a hub 18 hearing on the shaft 8. The circular parts of the raceway 15 may comprise two L-sha ed members 15 and 15*, Fig. 20, attache together and defining between them a channel 19 for a contactin series of round steel balls 20 too large to fal out through the slots 16. With the exception of the space occupied by the segment 17 and a arn carrier presently mentioned the series of balls 20 occupies the entire length of a curved channel connecting the ends of the circular part of the channel 19. Preferably the circular part of the raceway 15 and the channel 19 may, as shown, he so as to leave room for motion through about 180 of the circular part of the path of the balls 20 and for the carrier driver section 17, the extent of this motion being limited by stops 49, 49, for sector 17 one or both of which may be adjustable, so that the series of balls 90, more or less, of the raceway 15. Continuations of the channel 19 will presently be described.

The actuator segment 17 may be operated by hand in any convenient manner. For instance, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the bracket 6 may carry a short shaft upon which a thumb lever 26 havin at its inner end a shackle 27 is pivoted. hackle 27 is connected by a link 29 to shackle 30 hearing on a shoulder screw 31 set in segment 17 downward stroke of the thumb lever 26 therefore drives the segment 17 counterclockwise as viewed in Figs. 3 or 6. This motion is used for the primary actuation of all of the moving parts.

Integral with or attached to the hub 18 of the sector 17 camsv or linkages for instance severally controlling the timely operation of the yarn severing means and the yarnsetting up and stripping means complete the driving devices for the necessary filljuncts for forming the selected kind of ot. Let it be supposed, for an instance only,

that the yarn carrier is arranged to be driven in a path adapted to take the end of yarn A, Fi 12, of a pair of yarns A, B, in a convo ute path in respect to another of the pair of yarns, such as to pass this end around a bight of the other yarn B and through the loop of the active yarn A formed by the first part of its motion. This produces the same result as the familiar series of manipulations or hand method of forming a weavers knot (Fi 17). See Fig. 12, as a consequence of t 1e motion of yarn A about a bight 5 formed in a yarn B. By the hand method the yarn B would have been laid upon the operators thumb, the yarn A laid across it; the end of the yarn B brought back to form the bight similar to. the bight b of said figure, and the end of the yarn A then moved in the direction .of the arrow heads im so much of the path as as is shown in full mes.

The above described devices actuated by the thumb lever 26 can be arranged to reach the result of these ancient hand operations by the following expedients:

The channel 19 is diverted through a tangential extension of the raceway 15 and inclined to the rear as best shown in Figs. 4 and 8. The extension 40 may be a separate piece of metal from the remainder of the raceway 15 having in it, see Fig. 6, a preferably rectangular channel 41 continuing the channel 19. The channel 19, 41 is further continued by separate semicircular raceway, see Figs. 4 and 6, preferably made as a milled channel of rectan ular cross section in a two-part block 42 mtegral with or continuing the piece 40 as illustrated in Figs. 4, 8 and 11. -The channel in block 42 is upwardly continued upon a curve of smaller radius but lying in the same plane by achanneled piece 43; the

parts 42, 43, may be attached to or formed integral with a b ock 44 having squared faces one of which supports a tangential way 45 beginning at an inwardly curved portion 46 and ending at the lowest part of thecircular raceway 15. Referring to Fig. 6, the way 45 has its left hand end 46 as shown in said figure in position to communicate with the left hand end of the curved channel 43 shown in Fig. 8. The way 45 may be mounted in a channel or hole in the block 44 in any suitable manner. The portion 46, as best shown in Fig. 8. is exteriorly free from contact with the adjacent arts of the curved channels 42, 53 and may ave rounded corners to prevent chafing of yarn loops drawn into contact with it.

The channels 42, 43 are open on the inner faces of the curves which they define for the s 43 and 46 of the way passage of a yarn end moving in the channel. One way of doing this is to provide a cut or saw gate 55, see Figs. 7, 8 and 11, entering the ball channel throughout the sections 42, 43 and 45 of inner faces of the the raceway.

It will be evident that when the sector 17 stands against the lower stop 49 a particular place in the chain of balls 20 occupies a particular position at any given point of the raceway, and that motion of the sector 17 toward thenpper stop 49 will cause this place in the chain of balls to traverse the convolution represented by the parts 40, 42, or race for the balls.

I employ this motion, whatever the form of the convolution throu h which the chain of balls moves, to carry t s end of the yarn in a path taking the carried yarn through the convolutions of an unformed knot.

or this purpose there is inserted in the chain of balls at an appropriate place a yarn carrier 60, Figs. 9 to 11, which may comprise a short section of a metal bar having a cross-section conforming to and loosely fitting in the channels of the ball race or wa and having spherical or spheroidal end: 61 abutting against and adapted to be driven by and to drive, depending upon the irection of motion, the adjacent balls 20 of the series of balls. In order to accommodate the carrier 60 to the curves of the convolutions through which it is carried the intermediate faces of the rectan ular solid constituting this carrier may e concave as shown at 62, 62, in every direction, the curvature of the concave being sufficient to enable passage of the carrier at the place of shortest radius in the convolutions through which it is driven. The carrier is made effective to receive and move a yarn end by the provision in it of a yarn receiving mouth or hook 64.

3y reason of the angular cross section of the channels or ways in which the carrier 60 travels the opening of the month 63 will always face in the direction of the same face of the channel.

, The mechanical transmission represented y the sector 17 and the series of balls in-. c uding the carrier 60 working in an endless channel is an instrument peculiarly e fseries of balls including the carrier and their driver means 17 may therefore be regarded as an instrument for convoluting a yarn in any desired series of loops or turns and ossessing the unique advantage of adapta ility to pass an enclosing big t or loop across itself at any point. In other words, any element of a knot or unformed knot, thread crossing, convolution, or cincture of yarns may not only be formed by such an instrument, but also be entered upon and removed from it with complete disregard of limitation by the position of the instrument itself in respect to affording permission for the passage by it of the enclosing loop or bight of yarn.

It will be observed that having provided a conductor or way for the balls and the carrier interspersed in the series of balls, it is only necessary to provide for breakage across of the conductor or way at such points as it is desired to pass a yarn, a bi ht, a loop or even a formed knot throng the driving connection represented by the balls. And when it is desired that the carrier should carry a yarn end, it is necessary only to open laterally (as at the roper part of the way or channel to provide passage room for the yarn end.-

As shown in Fig. 8 for the purpose of making the particular knot selected for illustration, the ball channel or way is broken across t three places 56, 56, and 56", preferably ying in the same horizontal plane and thereby being adapted to admit passage of a straight run A of one of the yarns to be knotted together to cross the series of balls at three places.

The position of the stop 49 for the driver 17 is such as to bring the mouth 63 of the carrier 60 into coincidence with the cut or lower end of its stroke and when the thumb lever 26 is at the u per end of its stroke.

oppose a yarn to belaid in a diagonal position across the face of the convolution of th 42, 43. If then the 18 entered in the alined cuts 56 and 56", passing through the chain of balls in each of these cuts, the yarn B will be drawn inward through the plane of the curves 42, and 43.

he yarn A where it enters the cut 56 will be received in the mouth 63 of the carrier 62. Now let us first cut the yarn A at the point 0 and then swing the driver 17 upwardly. The cut end a will move in the direction of the arrow heads, referring now to Fig. 12, through the rtion m of the path as, passing to the rig t of the passing round the. bight 6 space between the se ment 42 of the ball race and the end 46 of the section 45,

as shown in Fig. 12 at w. This completes the unformed knot, the end a of the yarn A pulling out of the carrier 60 on the contin-v ucd passage of the carrier 60 through the cut or passage 56. In practice, the end of the yarn B may be cut at 0 preferably after cutting the yarn A at c. As indicated in diagram in Fig. 12, preferred steps in the operation comprise cutting the yarns A and B successively at a and a; this may be done by a single shear blade 155 first cutting one and then cutting the other.

The adjunctive devices for positioning the yarns to be tied. for severing the yarn as an incident of tying, and for setting up and stripping the formed knot from the remaining devices, may be of any desired, kind, for example those described and claimed in my said application, Serial No. 403.255,, and herein shown only to identify'a preferred instrument for the practice of the method or art herein claimed. The devices for forming a weavers knot shown in the drawings operate to tie theknot by the particular motion diagramed in Fig. 12. But it will be understood, as hereinafter explained, that the devices employed are in principle adapted to perform a similar duty in connection with operation of-my improved implement for carrying one or more ends of yarn into the esired convolution of any type of knot.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 suitable static and movable guides are provided for the primary positioning of a pair or moreof yarns. such as the exhausting end and the preceding-or fresh end of the windingand the unwinding yarn, which the operator has frequently to tie together. The drawings illustrate a preferred type of guides adapted to receive two yarns, or two groups of yarns, and to conduct them into the positions of the, yarns A, B, illustrated wardly and inwardly toward the axis 8 (seein Figs. Hand 15.

In the preferred form shown, an upward y projecting central member 7 5 suitably attached to the bracket 0 defines a vertical plane substantially parallel with axis 8. This separator member preferably has an upper inclined edge 77 extending forwardy to a point 78, Fig. 2, and thence down- F g. 3) to a free bifurcated end 80, 81. The

main body of the member 75 is centrally out away, leaving a centraltine the lower end of which is turned up into a hook 83,Fig. 3, facing the raceway 15. The position of this part is such that a yarn passing down the right-hand face of the member 75, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3 will come to rest in the hook 83 and be defl ected to the right by the ends 80, 81, thence slip net 15 and by a guide 86,

of the end 81 and pass to the left, in front of the block 44 and in front of the curve 42, finally reaching a position extending downwardly from the hook 83 into a depression 85 formed in the frame 1.

The passage of the yarn B in this directron is guided by, the periphery of the chanigs. 2, 3, 4 and 5, ending in a point 87 in front of the hook 83 and in the plane of the tine 82. The guides 86, 87 and the surface 88 of frame 1 lift the yarn B away from the volute 43, and so prevent this yarn from entering the channel 56*.

The rear end'of the run of the yarn B engaged in the instrument bottoms in the angle of the guide 75.

Referring to Fig. 1 when the yarns A and B are put Into the instrument t e yarn A is guided in respect to the remainder of the device on the left-hand side of the member 75, which separates the yarns A and B. Cooperating with the member 75,. and stationary while performing the function of guiding the yarn A, I provide guiding surfaces attached to or forming a part of a yarn take-up and knot-setting instrument 100, best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, com rising. a lever pivoted on a vertical stud 101, para and under tendency to open from a spiral lyin lel with the member 75 when CIOSME spring 102 coiled about the vertical stud 101.

.to provide a slope 105 and a mm 106, serving to guide the forward en of the yarn A against the left-hand surface of the tine 82 until the yarn A passes the tip of the hook 83 and the ti 87 of the guide 86. The tip 87 is closely a jacent to and near the channel 56", see Fig. 3.

Slope 105 ends in hooks 110, Fig. 2, respectively formed in the piece of bent metal constituting the lever 100, and in a cap 111 having a channel in its inner face and attached at 116 to the lower part of the outer end of lever and serving as a housing for a clamp blade 112 having a movement therein limited by the end of a bell-crank lever 140, working in a slot 114'. The clamp blade 112 is provided with an inwardly rounded hook 115 conforming to the books 110 and adapted to clamp yarns entering the hooks 110 on motion of the blade 112" to the left of Figs. 2 and 5. p

As shown, the stud 101 may be formed .with a head 117, and be firmly seated in erably operated as follows: Fin 103 is downwardly prolon ed to provide a pivot-pin 120 takin into a s ot 121 in arm 122 of a twoarme slide 122, see Figs. 2, 3 and 4 having a bearing in the lug 123 of the frame 1. The right-hand end of this slide is pivoted at 124 to a lever 125 pivoted at 126 to a lug 127 of the frame 1. The upper end of the lever 125 carries an anti-friction roll 128 in contact with a suitable cam 129 mounted on the shaft 8. Lever 125 is also provided with a pin 130' adapted to engage a notch in' a latch 131 pivoted at 132 on channel 15. The latch 131 thus locks the lever 125 and slide 122 in position to hold the take-up lever 100 closed, as shown in iull lines in Fig. 2. This occurs when the thumb-lever 26 is lifted prior to operation to the position of Fig. 3.

The clamp 112, 115 etc. is arranged to be 0 erated as a consequence of release of the ever 100 by the bell-crank lever 140 Figs. 2 and 3, ivoted on the under side of a lug 141 ot the lever 100, said bellcrank lever having one arm engaged through a hole in blade 112, and one arm furnished with a depending pin 142 swee ing the surface of a cam sector 143, best s own in Fig. 2. which sector may be provided with a notch 144 to limit the outward sweep of the take-up arm, and be suitably attached to frame 1. A light spring about the pivot 140 serves to keepthe folower pin 142 on the cam 143.

The take-up arm is released at the proper time in the operation b a striker 145 fixed to the hub 18, and acl apted to move the latch 131 near the end of the stroke of the thumb-lever 26.

The instrument is in condition to receive two yarns or roups of yarns A and B to tie them together in a weavers knot when closed into the gosition shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the thum this condition a pair of yarns ma be swept bythe operator rapidly mto the aring passages between the point 106 and member 75, and the member 75 and the channel-15 respectively, the point 78 of the member 75.

being adapted to enter between twisted yarns and separate them.

The yarn B sweeps to a final position from the angle within separator 75 to hook 83, to notch 85. The am A swee s to the left of member 75 an under the at end of the member 75. Under stress of the slope 105, the am A now slips under the tip of the 1100 83 and the tlp 87 of the guide 86 and into the cut 56, 56, 56", Fi s. 4 and 8, in the convoluted ball race. it a point between the curve 42 and the book 83 (see Fig. 11) the yarn A engages the am B and carries it inwardly in the bight see Fig. 12. In the lateral sense, the motion to the right of the yarn A in the cut 56 ceases upon engagement with the lever being elevated. In

mouth 63 of the carrier 60, standing at this part of the ball-race. But at the cuts 56* and 56 the yarn A is free to sweep through the series of balls, and in doing so bends the yarn B as shown in Figs. 8

may be a shear blade cutting downwardlyagainst a fixed ledger-blade 157, Fi s. 2,3 and 12, mounted on the inner face 0 bracket 9 with its upper sharpened edge near the yarn A at its oint of rest. The point of rest for yarn B is slightly above the edge of ledger blade 157. Closing down of shear blade 155 will thus cut the yarn A first at c, Fig. 8, and thereafter cut the varn-B at c, Fig. 8. The operation of blade 155 is arran ed to take place in stages separated by a de ite movement of the carrier 60, the severing of am A occuring during the first part of t e motion of the carrier 60, as soon as it has engaged yarn A in its mouth 63, and the severing of yarn B occurring after the cincture or convolution of the knot is well forward, just before the knot is ready tobe set up by sudden motion of the take-up 100. As shown the blade 155 isworked by a pitman 160 pivoted to the blade at 161 and to a crankpin 162 on hub 18 fast' on sector 17, in-

tegral with the cam 129 and driver 17. The

yarn A is thus out after being grasped by the carrier 60, but the yarn B is held from pulling out of the position in respect to the motions of the end of yarn A until the end of yarn A has made the motions indicated in Fig. 12. The cut end of yarn A trails behind the carrier 60 through the curve 42, and the held end passes in the slot 55. When the carrier 60 reaches the part 46 of the ball race, the yarn B is severed and the take-up 100 released.

This first clamps the yarn A in the clamp 110, 112, and then pulls the formed knot out of all engagement with the mechanism, the

.end a of yarn A pulling out of the end of channel 46 with enough tension firmly to set up theknot, which is formed in the free central space between the curves 42, 43.

Referring now to Fig. 13, the weavers knot shown in Fig. 17 may also be made by other motions than those following the convolutions of the convoluting instrument explained in connection with the machine figures. 'W 'th appropriate changes in the motion (which may be practiced by machine by changing the direction of the bent chan: nels) the yarns A and B may be laid across each other, for instance as shown in Fig. 13, and the carried end caused to travel in the path m, but now in the op site direction as indicated b the arrow-li adsin the figure. The yarn X having been severed at c, the end a may be carried inwardly and upwardly to form the loop a), downwardl and outwardly. between the yarns A and at of, and thence inwardly and upwardlyover itself and under the yarn B at m and through the 100 w, as shown. As before, a tug on the en ofthe yarn A will not set up a weavers knot.

A somewhat different series of motions for t inga weavers Imot is shown in Fig. 16,,

t e tyingmotion bein downward, the carried end (and the carrier of the described instrument) takin the end of the yarn A in the path 0:,as s own in the figure.

@Other arran ements still of the motions producing this not by motion of the active carried yarn end in relation to the other static positioned yarn will occur to the skilled artisan as corresponding to any of the many different ways in which one yarn may be carried around another yarn and itself to form a weavers knot.

The mechanism explained in connection with Figs. 1 to 12 ma also be emplo ed, with minor changes on y, to tie a spec ers knot.

Referringnow to Fig. 20, a fin 203 is provided to enter between the channel 40 and the volute 43, substantially as shown in said figure, and the stop 205 is arranged to cover the cut 56". A sloped guide 206' is also preferabl-y mounted on top of the volute 43.-

The separator may be discarded.

The yarns A and B are now entered together between the slope 203 and the lperiphery of the channel 15, whereupon bot yarns are guided into the out 56 and the carrier 60, and through the contacting balls at cut 56 by the operation of the gulde 203, being prevented from catchin on top of the volute 43 by the guide 206, an being held forward in front of volute 42, 43 by the stop 205. On operating the carrier, the spoolers knot is formed in the manner illustrated in Flg. 22, is set up by motion of the lever in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 21 and Fig. 22, and the cut ends, severed by the shear blade 155, are withdrawn from the channelpiece 46 by the motion of the take-up 100.

The motions made b the yarn, for comparison with theother gures, arediagramed in Fig. 14. They comprise carriage of the active end of the double strand about a passive portion of the strand and through the loop formed by the motion of the active end.

Referring now to Fig. 15, a diagram similar to the other figures is therein shown, ex-

laining the formation of the'square knof, lg. 19, by motions of the active end of the yarn A a out the standing or passive yarn B. The adaptation of the mechanism shown for this purpose will be apparent to those skilled in the art; the carrier is made to follow the convolutions :0 receiving the cut end of the active yarn A at as, the knot being set and stripped by tension on the active yarn.

iVhen in the claims I refer to motions in complex curves or curves of three-dimensional characteristics, I am to be understood in the ordinary mathematical significance of these words to refer to curves not wholly in two-dimensional space, such as a single plane, but having extent in a third dimension as well.

I claim: r

1. The art of manipulating. strands to tie them together comprlsin carrying the end of one strand about anotfier held in stationary relation to the locus of the motion of the carried strand.

The art of tying strands together comprising positioning a passive strand, .and carrying an active strand about the position of the passive strand in a convolution adapted to UPFEC under tension into the desired form of knot.

The'art of tying strands together comprising positioning and maintaining in osition a passive strand during passa e a out the passive strand to form the pre iminary convolution of a knot of an active strand bemg carried in a path adapted to lay the active strand in said preliminary convolution.

The art of tying strands together comprising positioning a passive strand, and carrying an active strand about the position of the passive strand in a convolution adapted to upset under tension into the desired form of knot, and upsetting the convolution into a knot by tension.

5. The art of tying strands together comprising positioninga. passive strand, and carrying an'active strand about the position of the passive strand in a convolution adapted to upset under tension into the desired form of knot, and upsetting the convolution. into a knot by tension applied to the active strand.

The art of tying strands together comprising positioning a passive strand, and carrying an active strand about the position of the passive strand in a convolution adapted to upset under tension into the desired form of knot, and severing the end ofthe active yarn to permit it: carriage singly.

7. The art of tying strands together comprising positioning and maintaining in position a passive strand during passage about the passive strand to form the preliminary convolution of aknot of an active strand being carried in a path adapted to lay the active strand in said preliminary convolution, and thereafter tensioning the active strand to upset the preliminary convolutioninto a knot involving interlocked loops of both strands.

8. The art of manipulating strands to tie them together comprisinglaying the several strands in a preparatory position, severing one of them to rovide a free end, and carrving this end a out the other strand in the convolutions of a knot.

9. The art of manipulating strands to tie them together comprising laying the several strands in a preparatory position, severing one of them to rovide a free end, and carrying this end about the other strand in the convolutions of a knot, severing the remaining strand, and setting up the knot by strain on the joined strands.

10. The art of manipulating strands to tie them together comprising laying the several strands in a preparatory position, severing one of them to rovide a free end, and carrying this end a out the other strand in the convolutions of a knot, severing the remaining strand, and setting up the knot by strain predominantly applied to one only of the 1oined strands.

11. The art of manipulating strands to tie 26 them together comprising laying the several strands in a preparatory position, severing one of them to provide a free end, seizin this end in an a propriate instrument, an carrying this end an the instrument about 30 {\he other strand in the convolutions of. a

'not.

12. The art of manipulating strands to form a .knot comprising carrying one end of a strand or group of strands inthe convolutions of a knot about the other strand or strands, the step including seizing the end by an instrument free to move in said convolutions and moving the instrument throughout such convolutions in respect to 4 the other strand or group of strands, and

removing the formed knot from the instrument.

13. The art of manipulating strands or yarns to form a knot comprising laying the 4 yarns in relation to each other, severing the end of one of the yarns, seizing the severed end; carrying the severed end in the convolutions of the knot about the other yarn, and setting up the knot by tension on onepf the yarns.

14. The art of manipulating strands or yarns to form a knot comprising laying the yarns in relation to each other, severing the end of one of the yarns, seizin the severed end; carrying the severed en in the convolutions of the knot about the other yarn, then severing the other yarn or yarns and setting up tie knot by tension on one of the yarns.

15. The art of manipulating strands or yarns to form a knot comprising laying the yarns in relation to each other, severing the ends of the yarns in predetermined order, seizing the severed end of that one of the yarns first severed; carrying the severed end in the convolutions of the knot about the other yarn, and setting a the knot by pulling principally on one oi the yarns.

16. The art of manipulating strands or yarns to form a knot comprising laying the yarns in relation to each other, severing the ends of the yarns in predetermined order, seizing the severed end of that one of the yarns first severed; carrying the severed end in the convolutions of the knot about the other yarn, and setting up the knot by ulling on that one of the yarns carried 8. out the other.

17. The art of tying knots in yarns or strands comprising positioning one or more of the yarns or strands in the path of and acting on it or them by an instrument traveling in the path of the convolution of the desired form of knot.

18. The art of tying knots in yarns or strands comprisin positioning one or more of them in the at of an instrument traveling in the pat of the convolution of the desired form of knot; positioning another yarn in and through said path, and seizing and carrying said first mentioned yarn or yarns about the other yarn by the travel of said instrument.

19. The art of tying weavers knots comprising the steps, laying the yarns or strands to be tied together near each other, forming a bight in one of them, severing the other to provide an end, and carrying this end through the bight, thence between the yarns and around the bight, and through the loop in the carried yarn so provided.

20. The art of tying weavers knots comprisin laying a first and a second yarn to be tie together in crossing relation and near each other, severing an end of the first yarn, passing it around a bight of the second yarn defining the place of crossing, this operation forming an open loop in the first yarn, and passing the end of the first yarn through the loop, and then setting up the knot by pullin on the first yarn only.

21. hat method of forming a knot which comprises laying a pair of strands in crossing relation, tensioning one of said strands transversely to produce a bight in the other strand, grasping an end of said tensioned strand by means of a suitable instrumentality, and moving said instrumentality in a path encircling said first and second strands and conforming substantially to the convolution of a knot.

22. That method of forming a knot which comprises laying a pair of yarns in crossing relation, tensiomng one of said yarns whereby to form a transverse bight in the other yarn, cutting said first yarn, seizing said yarn adjacent its out extremity by means of a suitable instrumentalit and moving said instrumentalit in a pat having a portion thereof lying behind a run of said second yarn, a portion lying in front of a run of movable in space; and. moving said instruk said first yarn, and a portion passing mentality in a three-dimensional path emthrough'a loop of said first yarn. bracin portions of each of said arns.

23. That method of connecting a pair of 25. he method of uniting ap urality of b yarns which comprises laying said yarns in strands which comprises seizure of an and crossing relation cutting one of said yarns, of one strand by a. bodil movable instruseizing the freshly cut extremity of said mentality, moving sai instrumentality' yarn, moving said extremity about portions about portions of a plurality of strandsin of the two yarns in the convolntions of a the convolutions of a knot, setting up said i knot. cutting the second yarn and setting knot'and removing said end from said mup the knot thus formed; strumenta'lity. I

24. The method of tying yarns which corn- Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, prises laying. a air of yarns in crossing this twentyixth day of June 1922. a relation, seizing t e extremity of one of sai yarns by means of an instrumentality bodily ROBERT W. BARKER.

relation, seizing t e extremity of one of sai yarns by means of an instrnmentality bodily movable in space, and moving said instru mentality in a three-dimensional path embracin portions of each of said, arns.

25. 4 he method of uniting ap strands which comprises seizure of an end of one strand by a bodil movable instrumentality, moving sai instrumentality about portions of a plurality of strands'in the oonvolutions of a knot and removing said end from said mstrnmentality.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this twenty-sixth day of June 1922.

ROBERT W. BARKER.

CERTIFICATE OF oonnno'rron'.

Patent No. 1,612,798,

. granted January 4 19-27.

to 'Rosnn'r w. BARKER.

It is hereby certified that the above mentioned-pat,-

ent was erroneously issued to the inventor, whereas said Patent should have been issued of 'Brookl'ine,

Taft, Trustee sai-d- Barker, to Edward A. Massachusetts, asassignee of the entire i-nterestz-in said invention, as shown by w the records of assignmentsin this 0ff106; and "that the said Letters Patent should beread ,with this correction, therein that the same may con-form to the record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this ljfith day of February, at D. 1927.

Seal

William A Kinnan,

Acting. Commissioner of Patents.

urality of knot, setting up said CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,612,798 granted January 4, 1927.

to ROBERT W. BARKER.

It is hereby certified that the above mentioned patent was erroneously issued to the inventor, said Barker, whereas said Patent should have been issued to Edward A. Taft, Trustee, of Brookline, Massachusetts, as assignee of the entire interest in said invention, as shown by the records of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read ,with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed and sealed this 15th day of February, A. D. 1927.

William A'. Kinnan, Seal Acting Commissioner of Patents 

